Uncategorized

The Health IT Scandal the NY Times Didn’t Cover

In case you missed it, the shocking news was that health IT companies that stood to profit from billions of dollars in federal subsidies to potential customers poured in ­– well, actually, poured in not that much money at all when you think about it ­– lobbying for passage of the HITECH Act in 2009. This, putatively, explains why electronic health records (EHRs) have thus far failed to dramatically improve quality and lower cost, with a secondary explanation from athenahealth CEO Jonathan Bush that everything would be much better if the HITECH rules had been written by Jonathan Bush of athenahealth.

Next up: corporate lobbying for passage of the 1862 Pacific Railroad Bill is blamed for Amtrak’s dismal on-time record in 2013.

The actual scandal is more complicated and scary. It has to do with the adamant refusal by hospitals and doctors to adopt electronic records no matter what the evidence. Way back in 1971, for example, when Intel was a mere fledgling and Microsoft and Apple weren’t even gleams in their founders’ eyes, a study in a high-profile medical journal found that doctors missed up to 35 percent of the data in a paper chart. Thirty-seven years later, when Intel, Microsoft and Apple were all corporate giants, a study in the same journal of severely ill coronary syndrome patients found virtually the same problem: “essential” elements to quality care missing in the paper record.

That clinical evidence and the way in which the world outside medicine had been transformed by computers did almost nothing to change health care. Computerized medical records were available: before there was “Watson,” the IBM computer helping doctors make decisions, there was “Watson,” the IBM chairman, vainly trying to sell electronic records to doctors as early as 1965. But well into the 21st century, most providers only trusted computers to send out the bills.

Even those hospitals that adopted EHRs rarely bought, or bought and then didn’t turn on, clinical functions related to drug-drug interactions and infection prevention. “Computerized medical records” were used to better document all the small details of care that boosted payment in a fee-for-service world. Salt Lake City’s LDS Hospital used computerization to reduce the adverse drug reaction rate below the theoretical minimum of the Harvard Medical Practice Study and its innovation diffused precisely nowhere. One hindrance, some doctors whispered softly, was that infections resulted in more care, more revenue and more profit for the hospital.

To sum up: well before 2009, solid research and case studies showed that EHRs had the potential to save money and improve care, yet the pace of integrating them into practice was so tepid that HIMSS had to revise its original “Stage 1 to 7” EMR Adoption Model for hospitals to include a “Stage O.”

And then a wonderful thing happened that we, in our era of polarized politics and bizarre bursts of federal budget cuts, can only look back upon in nostalgia. Republican and Democrat, liberal and conservative, corporate executive and techno-geek all united to bribe doctors and hospitals to do what a minimally functioning free market would have prompted them to do years before. The point man was GOP House Speaker Newt Gingrich, whose cries of “Paper kills” accompanied rich speaking fees. Happily complicit Democrats (Hillary Clinton, Patrick Kennedy) and every health care trade group with a vowel in its name cheered him on.

This is also the time when think tanks, consultants and researchers ginned up studies showing that EHRs would save oodles of cash, improve care and shower jobs and prosperity on every Congressional district. (OK, I made that last one up; I think.)

Since this was a bribe rather than a gift, we taxpayers did demand something in return. When doctors and hospitals (“eligible professionals” and “eligible providers”) doled out the dough ­– and spending money was the point, since HITECH was part of an economic stimulus bill ­– they had to demonstrate they used what they bought to improve care. Wallets twitching, the professionals and providers agreed to “meaningful use.”

Now we come to the behavior that really should inspire the outrage. We as a nation paid out billions in bribes because so many physicians simply refused to believe they could benefit from an EHR that the hospitals dependent on those doctors for admissions refused to buy computerized records no matter what the evidence. The vendors, aiming to ease the transition when hospitals did buy, designed clumsy interfaces based on provider habits and inefficiencies from the paper world. When the market finally changed, all the bad stuff got baked in: difficult interfaces and missing functionality that frustrated physicians; poor customer service from vendors puffed up with profits; absurd flaws ­– a medical record less searchable than a ten-year-old PC – that were never corrected while piled-on new features created a kluge-job catastrophe.

Then there were the unintended consequences that occur when any innovation is taken to scale. Is it any surprise that academics focusing on efficiency and clinical improvement were blindsided by sharpies who focused, instead, on how EHRs could help game the reimbursement system to make more money? Is it a surprise that a new technology deployed in a hurry can be downright dangerous as well as helpful? Unfortunately, painting a picture of a panacea was useful for public relations purposes, but prompted a widespread backlash when reality set in.

Fortunately, it’s no longer 2009. “Meaningful use” requirements are gradually attaining real meaning. The rapid growth of high-speed cloud computing and specialized medical apps is starting to break the hold of the old-style EHR thinking. Even true interoperability continues to glitter on the horizon, even if that horizon seems sometimes to continually recede.

The problem with health IT isn’t the politicians and lobbyists, easy targets though they may be. It’s us, in health care. It’s the doctors, hospitals, vendors and researchers among us who are not held accountable when our behavior delays and distorts innovation, hurts patients, costs money and impugns our own industry’s credibility.

Michael L. Millenson is president of Health Quality Advisors LLC in Highland Park, IL; the Mervin Shalowitz, MD Visiting Scholar at the Kellogg School of Management; and a board member of the Society for Participatory Medicine. This post first appeared on Maggie Mahar’s blog, healthbeatblog.com.

56 replies »

  1. Famosa per gli sport all’aria aperta piumini , “target = _blank > Moncler entrato campo della moda nel 1980 . A quel tempo , un gruppo di seguaci della moda chiamato paninari erano esageratamente essere la paletta della moda . Ed Moncler sono i loro migliori scelte , soprattutto l’ arancio e quelli gialli . ‘stato molto difficile trovare questi due colori Moncler piumini nei negozi europei in quel momento . il controllo della fornitura di ” target = _blank > giubbotti Moncler era stato il problema più complicato in importazione ed esportazione . la stessa cosa accaduto in Asia , anche. Soprattutto in Giappone , è esploso Moncler piumini fioriscono negli studenti .
    moncler paris http://www.aerohardwareparts.com/moncler.asp

  2. In questo senso lamentato l’ossessione di Hollywood per cercare di trasformare qualsiasi storia in una saga LongRunning per garantire il blockbuster sfruttando la stessa trama . Ha dato l’esempio del perché uno dei franchise di maggior successo nella storia , quella di Harry Potter . “Queste concessioni stanno diventando sempre più ridicola ” , ha detto l’ uomo che ha annunciato mesi fa e funziona in due rate di Avatar . ? mens Appendini abbigliamento moncler
    moncler italia http://www.ilpozzodigiacobbe.it/moncler/

  3. Per unire il loro tocco nazionale, la camicia ha bit rosse qua e l e la loro bandiera impresso su di essa. I rischi di non usare protezione solare includono scottature, avvelenamento da sole, e persino il cancro della pelle. stivali ugg a buon mercato outlet Credenze classiche fai diventare biologia! Evitare Old alternativa auto usate SeatsWhile una sede giubbotto Moncler facemoncler abituare pu servire come un modo adatto risparmiare denaro, bolla moncler outlet giacca di vendita molto importante che tu sappia la storia del sedile. Come guru della moda, stilisti certamente realizzare questo e non hanno mai smesso di esplorare le loro menti per un innovativo conveniente autentico giubbotto Moncler in vendita tema. Se si sceglie l’architetto sbagliato, anche se si
    moncler outlet http://www.fondazionememmo.it/moncler/index.asp

  4. Per gli utenti esistenti la risposta è no . Questa è mirata principalmente a rendere il processo di iscrizione più facile per i nuovi utenti . Li salva da riempire nel segno i dettagli e li firma con soli due clic del mouse . Poi li registra automaticamente ogni volta che vengono a Triond senza dover inserire username e password o meno allo stesso modo si può fare con la casella Me nel modulo di login standard.
    moncler outlet http://www.oceaneconomics.org/moncler.asp

  5. I have to express appreciation to you for rescuing me
    from this issue. As a result of browsing through the
    the web and coming across recommendations which
    were not beneficial, I believed my entire life was gone.

    Existing devoid of the strategies to the problems you
    have solved by means of your good site is a crucial case,
    and the kind which could have negatively affected my career if
    I hadn’t encountered your web blog. The capability and kindness in playing with a lot of stuff was helpful. I’m not sure what I would’ve done if I had not discovered such a step like this. I can also at this time look ahead to my future. Thanks for your time very much for the impressive and result oriented guide. I won’t think
    twice to endorse your web page to anyone who desires care
    on this topic.

  6. What a lame article and how it demonstrates the lack of understanding the writer has.

    Let me suggest that decades ago EHR’s might have found their way into physicians offices in a way that could help physicians, but Stark laws intervened. Laboratories and hospitals were dying to spend money integrating their systems with physician systems mostly at their own expense. Physicians needed some of that integration and would happily have accepted but for the Stark Laws that prohibited these actions from occurring. Thus instead of totally integrated EHR systems the individual physician developed closed types of systems with hospitals, labs etc.

    As usual the heavy hand of government was responsible for the lack of progress. Why doesn’t the writer see this? I would like an answer.

  7. Maybe it is not that doctors didn’t care so much rather they were inhibited by factors, some of which HHS created. Remember when electronic billing began? The government demanded the use of an inefficient modem that was strange to many physicians and didn’t fit their needs. That poor use of power inhibits development. Remember the Stark Laws? How many times did many physicians attempt to integrate their offices with labs and hospitals only to have to worry about falling prey to the Stark Laws? Remember very early in the game when HHS changed only the date of the Medicare forms leaving everything else exactly the same? Then they refused payment based solely upon the date of the form not any content. Remember the 2000 fix? Instead of permitting 01 for 2001 they caused physicians to spend thousands updating their software when there was no advancement. These things and others tell physicians that any expenditures on It can be met with a significant loss of money and time.

    Physicians aren’t dumb and they love good results so they would naturally move towards a more efficient system that provides better results, but they recognize they are not in control and government is, so they are wary about moving in the direction everyone wants. HHS holds significant blame and is the major inhibitor of IT development.

  8. Holt says: “If basically EVERY primary care doc in New Zealand, the UK, Denmark, the Netherlands, etc, etc was using an EMR by 2002–more than a decade ago–how come it cant be done here?” Not all you state is true. The PCPs in these nations have locale systems for their own programs, but none of them talk to each other. The digital spine, in progress, in the UK has been costly with no outcomes of any benefit.

    These digital systems simply do not cut the mustard. There are too many unnecessary deaths because of them, here and in the UK

  9. So let me get this straight …

    – There are no studies that show that EMRs improves patient outcomes
    or cut costs (correct me if I am wrong)
    – Many physicians find them cumbersome, productivity reducers
    – Studies show that EMRs allow/facilitate increased “upcoding”.
    – Most EMRs won’t talk to each other
    – EMR companies are making lots of money and have given “mucho dinero” in campaign contributions (above or below the table)
    – The government has spent billions to force their adoption.

    And this is progress!

    You really have to spend a lot of time in Business School (or perhaps get a lot of consulting fees) to follow this logic.

  10. southern doc says:

    “The problem isn’t the EMRs and their designers, it’s the system.”

    I’ll settle for the latter two out of three.

  11. We are Americans. We believe in free markets and the power of competition. We abhor central planning with its risk of mandated mediocrity. Unfortunately, interoperability is a byproduct of cooperation, compromise, and central planning, not competition. England, New Zealand, Singapore, and even Canada have capitalized on central planning to achieve more effective interoperability and national health IT networks.

  12. think TBMD is right. i think a lot of what is counted by the surveys a decade ago as EMR’s in some of the countries Matthew mentioned was really relatively primitive e-prescribing and hospital order entry/retreival.

  13. Probably because they had no choice? We still do. Are you contending it is better?

    The electronic records here are full of cut and paste BS.

    It CAN be done. It SHOULD NOT be done unless it is better. No one has demonstrated it is better in the real world of American medicine.

  14. I’m not sure about this but I think our ehr’s are different, they don’t talk to other systems and they are designed to capture billing codes and nonsense documentation rather than to help the clinician take better care of patients. I need to see one in New Zealand, UK, Denmark or the Netherlands to be sure of this but if they work… it is NOT because of our doctors…it is the technology and how it helps, rather than hinders good patient care.

  15. My point is that we’re designing EMRs to work very well in a completely dysfunctional system, i.e., EMRs that by definition have to be dysfunctional according to any objective standard.

    The problem isn’t the EMRs and their designers, it’s the system.

  16. To Southern Doc… Of course it can be done here. Mr. Mhyre is hitting on some common sense suggestions. As for why it hasn’t been done here, I would suggest other countries have succeeded because their primary drivers were not profit-driven free market insurance companies, device manufacturers, EMR companies, etc….but population health which would make all of these different components of the health care system work in a more coordinated, organized manner with the patient/population at the top of the pyramid…not the vendor.

  17. Southern Doc: You’re half right without knowing it.

    CPT: We’re not getting paid to do it.
    CYA: We’re afraid a computerized medical record will help the lawyers

    Unfortunately, you let cutesiness lead you from truth to truthiness.

    MU: Meaningful Use is why we’re going to do it, anyway, because we took the money and now we have to follow the rules.

    In other words, back to my point: bribes worked.

    🙂

    MM

  18. So one minor question for all you “it can’t be done, it shouldnt be done” types. If basically EVERY primary care doc in New Zealand, the UK, Denmark, the Netherlands, etc, etc was using an EMR by 2002–more than a decade ago–how come it cant be done here?

    Our patients’ physiology is different?

  19. I am continually amazed at the lack of utility of electronic records – I am a big aficionado of technology and gadgets going back to the IBM XT with the 11 inch monochrome screen. The hospital and outpatient records which I see are full of “cut and paste” documentation and it is the goal of my interactions to find “Waldo” or the new stuff that actually reflects changes in patient status or management.
    The EHR’s are a start – they are like a beta project for Word 1.0. They don’t work well and compare very unfavorably with most other software programs that are available in 2013.

  20. EHR vendors market to individual health care organizations, not to individual patients or local communities. They try to differentiate themselves by the number of features and various gimmicks to automate documentation and other flow tasks. Sending, receiving, and making specific data requests to other EHR systems in a local health care community is out of scope. My personal health records reside in a number of data servers and independent clinical organizations. I would guess that no two of them have the same current problem list and I doubt any two of them have the same medication list. In fact I doubt any of them, even my PCP, has the medication list that I actually follow each day.
    Our foundational architecture is flawed. Each of us as healthcare consumers should have our own personal health record that includes basic data common to all records such as demographics, directives, our one medication list, allergies, our health calendar, etc. Provider EHR vendors would share the same core data sets and add their own proprietary functionality. To make this virtual solution real would require a common data language (HTML), vocabulary, and coding as well as a national health IT network under federal guidance through the ONC (Office of the National Coordinator).
    Until then we providers and we patients must continue re-gathering, re-recording and re-verifying our way through our health data. Our current system is inherently uncoordinated and does not conserve my most precious resource, time.

  21. Re: “my point, that EMRs were available in the 1970s but never changed their interface because doctors never cared enough to demand it”

    Hey Michael – two personal accounts from someone if the field for 20 years. These occurred in 1996-8.

    See http://www.ischool.drexel.edu/faculty/ssilverstein/cases/?loc=cases&sloc=clinical%20computing%20problems%20in%20ICU

    and

    http://www.ischool.drexel.edu/faculty/ssilverstein/cases/?loc=cases&sloc=Cardiology%20story

    The problem, I’m afraid to say, were more the “C” level MBA’s and IT leadership, not primarily the doctors.

    Although you are correct – the doctors could have been more aggressive,.

    Here the problem of retaliation e.g., via sham peer review, marginalization and other tactics that (for example) caused the Chair of Cardiology in story #2 above to lose his leadership position.

    See also “H.I.T. or Miss: Lessons Learned from Health Information Technology Implementations”, AHIMA/AMIA, https://www.ahimastore.org/ProductDetailBooks.aspx?ProductID=14181

    Dysfunctional interplay between clinicians, executives and IT personnel in hospitals makes technology the easy part.

  22. Let’s see, platon20: my point, that EMRs were available in the 1970s but never changed their interface because doctors never cared enough to demand it, is not refuted by your argument, but confirmed.

    As for LDS: first, I was referring to the mid-1990s, not the 1980s, and there certainly were problems exporting the system. But the larger point I make is also correct: no one really tried all that hard, because the demand wasn’t there. I personally talked to Cerner, 3M and other folks during that time period who told of clinical decision support features being turned off, and not just because of the interface. Had LDS discovered a way to decrease payment rejections by the same percentage as they decreased adverse drug events, the hospitals would have bought the system and improved it.

    Again, I’m not forgiving the poor work by vendors, either then or now. I’m totally in agreement with Mr. Coyote there — and his intimate knowledge of the vendor community. But both the supply and demand side of the marketplace were and are flawed. Essentially, what’s happened is that the government has bribed hospitals to buy the current generation of products and those products are so kludgy that doctors are demanding they be fixed. For 20 years, many, many doctors were simply turning a deaf ear to any discussion of EHRs at all.

    To remind us of interface or “scalability” problems is appropriate, and I appreciate those who have done so. However, to contend that doctors were rejecting EHRs all these years ONLY or primarily because of those problems is just plain wrong and indulges in revisionist history. Where there’s no will, there’s no way, and as late as the mid-1990s there simply was little to no will at a time when talking about safety problems was not done and reimbursement was all fee-for-service. (Not to be TOO self-referential, but I’ve got a 10,000-word, footnoted chapter on this history, which is just a tad too long for a blog reply.)

  23. Mr Millenson’s rant against physicians is typical of other self-proclaimed “healthcare experts” who have never in fact actually treated a patient.

    Mr Millenson needs to shadow a doctor at a hospital or a clinic for a day and see how the EMR system workflow actually translates into a bunch of headaches and waste of time before he casts judgment from his throne on high. He doesnt understand about how badly divergent the IDEA of an EMR is compared to its ugly reality. When he understands that difference by actually using an EMR to treat patients instead of studying it from a macro perspective in his office, then he’ll understand why his critique is so ill-informed.

    The doctor who wrote above about a hypothetical EMR example using transfused blood in an emergency is SPOT-ON. I actually laughed out loud at how real that example is.

  24. EHR/EMR systems are designed to extract every last dollar out of a clinical condition. They are wealth creation engines. In most of our economy wealth creation engines are a good thing. In health care it creates a conflict of interest.

    Providers who care and are interested in treating patients, will find them an annoyance. Doctors interested in lining their pockets, will find them well worth the expense. They will make it easier and faster to squeeze every dollar out of the insurance companies. All procedures and processes can be changed and automated to dramatically boost revenue.

    IT rarely saves money for any organization. A corporate rule-of-thumb is: IT costs should not exceed 2.5% of revenue. The Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for IT in a $1,000,000 practice should not exceed $25,000.

    The real issue is: Why aren’t EHR/EMR systems designed to improve patient care?

    The Fee-for-Service (FFS) payment system is the root cause for EHR/EMR systems failure to improve patient care. Replace FFS with Fee-For-Access (FFA) (monthly payments not associated with an office visit) and everything changes.

    With an FFA payment system in place wealth creation always aligns with caring for patients. EHR/EMR systems will be redesigned to improve patient care outcomes, which in turn generates more wealth.

    Look for Pioneer Accountable Care Organizations (PACO) to begin the payment system reformation. It will take many years to achieve, but you should know, people are thinking and acting on it.

    Note: In an FFA payment system, IT can be used strategically to gain competitive advantage. The practices that innovative and are outstanding at continuously improving patient health, will be able to dramatically increase their patient capacity and attract significant numbers of new patients.

  25. Amen!

    GE also has/had an unsuccessful joint venture with Intermountain.

    There’s no reason that EHR products have to be shit… other than that the market – i.e. the healthcare organizations that buy them…the ONC that establishes the certification rules for them – tolerate and accept it. And that – in order to pocket the bribes – healthcare organizations needed to have bought yesterday.

    Many of the products of today do not represent a foundation upon which can be built the systems that are needed to actually improve care, when (if) healthcare changes.

    But forget the strategic and focus on the nitty-gritty: Most EHRs are bad software. There wasn’t a product on the market that University of Texas-Houston evaluated that wasn’t free on many, many gross usability issues… the kind of issues that anyone developing quality software product could and should have found. Bugs and glitches abound. Quality Management Systems and Usability Testing are new concepts in this industry. Kind of like before the FDA started regulating medical devices…

  26. The LDS/HELP system, which I site visited in 1984, was, sadly, a science project, which its co-developer 3M was never able successfully to commercialize. It certainly wasn’t clinical opposition to reducing harm to patients that resulted in the slow adoption. It was that no-one could reliably deliver a commercial product that didn’t cost a fortune to maintain, and cost clinicians huge chunks of their time documenting and retreiving key information.

    Michael- go visit some real-life clinicians and look at their “records”.
    It is a challenge to find the clinically relevant nuggets of vital information in page after page of excelsior. The major firms’ (Epic, Cerner) product platforms are fifteen years old. Their interfaces reek of Windows 95. Dozens of clicks are required to execute simple instructions, or to find vital information.

    It isn’t the IDEA of IT based clinical quality improvement that isn’t working.
    It’s the actual products. . .

  27. As a democratic socialist, I agree with you completely my esteemed colleague.

  28. JD, I’m with you, except that the “10 year challenge” was the cited figure at the onset of my medical informatics postdoc – and that began in 1992. Nobody knows how long it will take – but progress must be made with caution, due diligence and critical thinking.

    Re: ” It has to do with the adamant refusal by hospitals and doctors to adopt electronic records no matter what the evidence.”

    Mr, Millenson perhaps you should take a refresher course in research methodology and risk management, as well as literature retrieval. I’m not meaning this as an insult. Your statement, I will assume, was made in good faith.

    It represents an erroneous view of a complex area, where in 2013 the literature is conflicting on benefits and harms. Cautious physicians and hospitals exercise due diligence as the liabilities for errors are theirs for adverse consequences of their decisions.

    I suggest you review, as an example, a sampling of that literature here: http://www.ischool.drexel.edu/faculty/ssilverstein/cases/?loc=cases&sloc=readinglist

    Sincerely,

    Scot Silverstein, MD
    Drexel University
    Philadelphia

  29. When you’re right, you’re right.

    This technology has been available for decades…

    and if using it for healthcare was good for anyone, it would already have been done….LONG AGO.

    But it was not adopted for one silly little reason…

    It does not work.

    At leasst not for the vast majority of people and encounters. It is the proverbial swatting flies with a sledge hammer.

    There are no real efficiencies. There are no real savings. It is just a transfer of wealth from people and government thru the doc and hospital to the software companies.

    Badness.

  30. Marty..ACA is a step in right direction but, I think, likely will be more deck chair rearranging (albeit rearranging with some good outcomes). Scrap it and start over. We have sick people to make better/reduce discomfort and healthy people we want to keep that way. And we throw an incredible amount of money at this problem relative to other countries and our outcomes, on a population basis, are poor. These are the facts. Mr. Millenson has highlighted some symptom of the problem – such as vendors making huge profits while putting in systems that not only don’t meet their direct customers’ needs (providers) but don’t maximize health outcomes of individual patients or population of patients treated by providers using system. While ACA and especially HIEs are some examples of moving the ball forward, we can and should do better.

  31. OH yes, one more step to slow down the process. The CPOE device wanted to know why universal donor blood was indicated and threw up about 3 pages of print to decipher.

  32. OK Marty, Alan, and Ayward,

    Hopefully not, but when you guys are suffering a massive gastrointestinal bleed, and you are in shock, and need immediate blood products, why not just lay there waiting for the doctor to log on, figure out the CPOE as to how to provide universal donee blood, and then hope that the CPOE device did not transform the order when received by the Blood Bank. That is great for the population.

  33. Re Alan’s point: Change the game/incentives and change the outcomes. That’s precisely what the Accountable Care Act is all about. We’re a long way from the tipping point re shift in payment; however, it’s on the horizon and lead by physicians who are passionate about designing and EXECUTING systems that allow data mining and rapid intervention.

    Marty

  34. No disagreement with you. For many years, I was involved in working with teams assessing what we needed to do to get a variety of stand alone systems linked. Vendors really wanted no part of this.

    Marty

  35. Many of you are correct except those who let providers off the hook and are being hostile to Mr. Millenson. The most correct, IMHO, is Mr. Aylward, who has nailed the core problem. We must FINALLY change system to value population health above corporate and other stakeholders’ agendas. All of us on this industry know we can do better and so many of us have allowed the carts (ins companies, etc) to lead the horses. We all know we should make sure patients discharged from the hospital should be evaluated for follow-up needs with info communicated to PCPs etc., as one example. We know that we make more effort providing care to BCBS patients than Medicaid patients, as another example, and we all know its wrong and too few of us have gone anything about it. Change the game/incentives and change the outcomes.

  36. JD: I’m not sure what the difference is between my saying EVERYONE is at fault for pursuing their own interest and your saying that NO ONE is at fault because they’re all pursuing their own interest. I certainly agree it’s the complexity of the job. My only point was that solving the complexity could have begun a lot earlier.

    As for some of the commenters: again, I’m puzzled at saying “I don’ understand the issue” when, in fact, I explicitly agree that estimates of savings were overdone. Or that the systems were designed initially for billing.

    But Mr. Coyote/Goldsmith, you of all people should not let the providers off the hook. Let’s do a little thought experiment, shall we? LDS Hospital proves it can reduce medical errors and save lives back in the mid-1990s. Remember, LDS was a community hospital, so its docs had to work with the interface. What was the reason that hospitals all over the country didn’t flock to Salt Lake City to adopt that innovation — maybe even make the interface better? What was the reason Intermountain didn’t even spread that innovation to other hospitals it owned?

    The answer is that NOT harming patients (and reducing revenue along the way) was not an innovation that was going to spread at a time when doctors saw harm as inevitable and those who said otherwise as, literally, traitors to the profession (documented at length in my book, “Demanding Medical Excellence”) and when hospital administrators would watch their profits plunge.

    Oh, and Elizabeth Warren’s piece about medical bankruptcies is total piffle, as I and David Dranove wrote in Health Affairs. It’s only virtue is that it shows both left- and right-wingers can utterly disregard academic rigor in pursuit of the truth they just KNOW is there. (Disclosure: that study we did was funded by the health insurance industry but they didn’t vet content. Just remember that Warren et al. classified drinking and gambling as medical problems and the cause of bankruptcy as what people said when asked in a survey.)

    Meanwhile, why is that PCs for consumers started off with lousy interfaces and improved much more quickly than health IT interfaces did? Because of real competition (once it became practical for big computer buyers to escape the Wintel oligopoly) and real demand. Now that we have bribed docs and hospitals to use this stuff, their howls over the crummy interfaces will bring real competition. I agree it’s a long process.

    Newt, God bless him, was right. We will save lives and money. It’s just not to going to be an instant process or an easy process or a cheap process to get to where we want to go.

  37. Marty: If by vendor collaboration your mean interoperability…I don’t see any progress on this at all. Since most of US medicine is not practiced in a “closed system” the various proprietary systems simply create less safe, more cumbersome, more expensive care.

  38. These devices may cause more harm than good. No one knows, because there has not been any surveillance of the deaths, injuries, near misses, and other unintended consequences from CPOE and meaningfully useless clinical decision support. The scandal is that the HIMSS spawned the CCHIT certifying family that duped Congress and others into believing that certification meant that these new, untested devices were safe, when CCHIT ignored safety and was not interested in safety events in the market place. CCHIT was actually an empty office on So Wackers in Chicago. No one was ever home.

    Are these new devices better than the systems they replaced? Most users do not believe that they come close.

    If you want to run a ten year experiment, get the patients, doctors and other health care professionals to give informed consent, because, right here and now, they are all guinea pigs benefitting the HIT vendors and their trade groups.

    About Intermountain, it made it in to one of Senator Eliz Warren’s speeches as having caused more personal bankruptcies than any other health organization, ever. Computerized debt collection, agressively.

  39. Generally, agree with your rant, Michael, in terms of the frustration in developing an EHR that adds value. Also think earlier respondents like Kleinke and Lohman offer some points worthy of reflection.

    Putting this in context, while in grad school in the late 60’s I, together with classmates, spent a day at a medical center in NJ where we went to observe a Total Hospital Information System at work. It had been “operational” for five years, cost the hospital a fortune, and was the Beta site for one of the corporate giants in IT whose first initial begins with I. All we heard that day from the users (ward clerks) was how poorly it performed. BTW-the physicians refused to enter any information, it was all transcribed for them by these ward clerks.

    Flash forward to today and know we are just on the cusp of beginning to see the potential with respect to improving care and safety as a result of some of the IT tools. Since it would not be appropriate to mention some tools/products here, I will not; however, I’m more positive than ever before that in two -five years we’ll see huge adoption of some tools, including many that are free, embraced by the health care community.

    I can say that i believe much of the delay we’ve seen is caused by vendors who have been unwilling to collaborate because they’ve wanted to protect their space and clients who have not performed sufficient due diligence and educated themselves about the evolving market and the power of computing to improve health care.

    Marty

    Marty

  40. Mike you just don’t understand this issue. I quote from a recent Health Affairs Blog by Josh Archambault “A recent Wall Street Journal op-ed called into question the cost savings estimates of the EHR industry by highlighting work done at McMaster University and their review of 36,000 studies on EHR. The authors found that “the most rigorous studies to date contradict the widely broadcast claims that the national investment in health IT—some $1 trillion…will pay off in reducing medical costs.” Health IT is not inherently bad, but the research, once again, casts doubt on the promised savings.”

  41. Michael –

    As you know, we are usually in violent agreement about this and so much else, but I have to say that you run off the rails a bit, hence the puerile personal ridicule from Dr. Quack.

    While agreeing with your entire read of history and policy, I’d say in sharp contrast that no one is at fault, everyone is chasing their professional and economic rabbit as best they can, and it’s a long, slow, miserable process. EMRs today are Wangs, Commodores and Ataris. They’re miserably new and awkward creatures; they’re just getting going – relative to the complexity, density, and scope of the task at hand; and it will take many, many cycles until they hum like 486s once seemed to.

    The messy and infuriating disruptions caused by ripping out paper process and jamming in EMRs are about on par with any automation disruption, when calibrated to the scale of the challenge. Bring this back down to the H-O scale of ordinary office tasks and desktop computing world, and I have to ask: how productive was anyone the first few weeks they switched from DOS to Windows, from a PC to a Mac, from voicemail to the 10 pound dial-up modem? Scale these little disruptions to the technical, operational and cultural revolutions required for computerizing medicine???

    This is a 10-year challenge – and only 10 years BECAUSE of all those earlier breakthroughs with computers in the simpler world of office work – and most of health care started in on this challenge, in earnest, barely three years ago. The struggles everyone in health care faces as we embark on this jarring transformation is nobody’s fault but the size and complexity of the job itself…

  42. Excellent blog on getting the health industry to adopt computers like the rest of all our areas of economic activity. My non-health friends are dumb founded. You miss a key point: until the fundamental goal is changed from per service sick care to per person//per population wellness, then the wonders of modern ICT will mostly reinforce the current system. Too many organizations are making oodles of money on the current system. IT enables; it doesn’t change objectives and motivations.

  43. Look, guys. The public already invested in health IT. It’s called the “VA’s VistA system.” Free for the asking, and the VA docs love it. BUT campaign bribes flowed from the private IT people to our trusted politicians and killed its use outside. Aren’t corrupt politicians great?

  44. Mike makes a good point that the technology to make EHR available has been around for a long time, it’s just that the implementation has been politicized and corrupted by a tangential need for profitability. I agree with Eric that there’s no call to blame one specific sector of health care for the failings of the tradecraft as a whole. We may have to come to terms with the fact that there may never be an EHR that everyone can agree with – and that’s ok.

  45. Mike,

    I think it’s really hard to blame providers, particularly physicians, for not adopting crappy products that don’t return their investment other than thru upcoding. Physician offices added more than 160 thousand workers from 2007-2011 despite a 10% decline in volume, largely to manage the transition to clinical IT. Most of the docs I’ve talked to wouldn’t go back to paper, but spend less time with patients and more time coding. Name another industry where productivity actually suffered as a result of automation. I’ve spent a lot of time in this space. There’s plenty of blame to go around. . .

  46. Mr. Millenson,

    There, there, poor baby. Let me get you a hanky. Or maybe I should let you remain on the floor for your tantrum. That’s the best thing to do for toddlers.

    EMRs are beautifully designed…for the billing department. For those of us who actually practice medicine, they are slow, error-prone and cumbersome. The designers forgot that I have patients to see and work to do. If I enjoyed doing data entry, I would have gone to business college.

    Tantrum over now?

  47. Hi Michael,

    You are claiming that millions and millions of highly educated, dedicated people are all, simultaneously, at fault. How can so many be so wrong?

    At my last provider group, when we analyzed switching from our homegrown EMR to one that would allow us to receive the bribe money, we found that it would cost us an extra $50K/year/physician, net of bribe, to maintain. Not to mention the extra steps, reduction in automation and increased likelihood of error. We fought against all govt regulation and our data shows we were right to do so, both financially and in the eyes of our patients.

    Saying all of us (“doctors, hospitals, vendors and researchers “) are at fault for not pursuing your objective is not helping your cause. Consider performing a root cause analysis of this behavior rather than chastising the symptoms.